Arrays and Objects

Arrays come with built-in "methods" (functions) that help you manipulate and work with your data. These are like special tools in your array toolkit!

Adding and Removing Items:

• •push() - Add to the end

const fruits = ["apple", "banana"];
fruits.push("orange");  // ["apple", "banana", "orange"]

• •pop() - Remove from the end

fruits.pop();  // Removes "orange", returns it

• •unshift() - Add to the beginning

fruits.unshift("grape");  // ["grape", "apple", "banana"]

• •shift() - Remove from the beginning

fruits.shift();  // Removes "grape", returns it

Transforming Arrays:

• •map() - Create a new array by transforming each item

const numbers = [1, 2, 3];
const doubled = numbers.map(num => num * 2);  // [2, 4, 6]

• •filter() - Create a new array with only items that pass a test

const ages = [12, 18, 25, 16, 30];
const adults = ages.filter(age => age >= 18);  // [18, 25, 30]

• •reduce() - Calculate a single value from all items

const prices = [10, 20, 30];
const total = prices.reduce((sum, price) => sum + price, 0);  // 60

These methods are like having assistants that can reorganize, transform, or analyze your lists automatically!